Humanism in philosophy Essay Example For Students

Humanism in theory Essay Humanism, in reasoning, demeanor that underscores the pride and worth of the person. A fundamental reason of humanism is that individuals are levelheaded creatures who have inside themselves the limit with respect to truth and goodness. The term humanism is frequently used to depict an abstract and social development that spread through western Europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth hundreds of years. This Renaissance restoration of Greek and Roman examinations underscored the estimation of the works of art for the good of their own, instead of for their pertinence to Christianity. The humanist development began in Italy, where the late medieval Italian journalists Dante, Giovanni Boccaccio, and Francesco Petrarch contributed extraordinarily to the disclosure and conservation of old style works. Commercial Humanist goals were mightily communicated by another Italian researcher, Pico della Mirandola, in his Oration on the nobility of man. The development was additionally invigorated by the deluge of Byzantine researchers who came to Italy after the fall of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) to the Ottomans in 1453 and furthermore by the foundation of the Platonic Academy in Florence. The foundation, whose driving scholar was Marsilio Ficino, was established by the fifteenth century Florentine legislator and benefactor of expressions of the human experience Cosimo de Medici. The foundation tried to restore Platonism and had specific effect on the writing, painting, and design of the occasions. The assortment and interpretation of traditional original copies got far reaching, particularly among the higher ministry and respectability. The creation of printing with versatile kind, around the mid-fifteenth century, gave a further impulse to humanism through the spread of releases of the works of art. In spite of the fact that in Italy humanism grew basically in the fields of writing and workmanship, in focal Europe, where it was presented essentially by the German researchers Johann Reuchlin and Melanchthon, the development stretched out into the fields of philosophy and training, and was a significant fundamental reason for the Reformation. One of the most persuasive researchers in the improvement of humanism in France was the Dutch pastor Desiderius Erasmus, who additionally had a significant influence in bringing the development into England. There humanism was unquestionably settled at the University of Oxford by the English old style researchers William Grocyn and Thomas Linacre, and at the University of Cambridge by Erasmus and the English prelate John Fisher. From the colleges it spread all through English society and made ready for the extraordinary thriving of Elizabethan writing and culture.

A Hunger Artist by Franz Kafka free essay sample

Investigates storys hero as enduring misconstrued craftsman saint in the public eye. This investigation will examine Franz Kafkas A Hunger Artist, concentrating on the hero as a regularly enduring and completely misjudged craftsman legend in the public eye. What makes the story particularly convincing is the way that the peruser is permitted by Kafka into the cognizance of the appetite craftsman. The general public where the hero battles to carry on with an existence of creative respectability may not get him, however the peruser is unquestionably given enough knowledge to have the option to start to comprehend what makes this specific man both craftsman and saint. Be that as it may, the craving craftsman is not really deprived of his puzzle by the creator. Kafka uncovers a significant part of the manner of thinking of the yearning craftsman, and even, in the close to-last section of the story, seems to clarify the wellspring of the characters impulse, however at long last the hero stays a secret at

Feminist Books to Read When Male Writers Turn Out to Be Disappointing

Feminist Books to Read When Male Writers Turn Out to Be Disappointing At this point, it’s become familiar. First, it’s a whisper: on Twitter, in the comments of articles online, among one another. The Author (the one who is beloved, the one who means so much to you, who created the books that you love so dearly) said something or did something or touched something that wasn’t okay. A whisper can be ignored or brushed aside. But then, more whispers join in. The Author did the same thing to me, to my coworker, to my friend. It made us feel uncomfortable, but we didn’t want to say anything. Who wants to believe that The Author, who showed such sensitivity and emotional vulnerability in his works, could manipulate and take advantage of the same in someone else? I thought it was just me. I thought I was overreacting. But now. Now the whispers join together. The whispers are a roar. Now the whispers shout out the truth. Why does it feel like such a betrayal when a beloved male author is exposed for sexual misconduct? Maybe because when you read a book, you are allowing an author into your emotional space. Anyone who has been brought to tears by a book knows how much an author can manipulate a reader’s emotions. To discover that they used those abilities and that trust to   take advantage of   others is a fucking gut punch. We support them, we cheer them on, we champion them, and then we find out… So what do you do when you find out a beloved author has been acting in unforgivable ways? Some people can separate the art from the artist. But for a lot of us, the art will always be a part of the artist. Or, at the very least, consumption of the art provides support of the artist. Why do I want to give my money and time to someone who is incapable of showing respect to others like me? Luckily, there are plenty of authors out there who aren’t trash. So the next time one of your favorite authors is exposed for misconduct (and, let’s face it, there will be a next time), read one of these books to soothe your broken heart, stoke your fury, and remind yourself that you have power, even if it comes out as a whisper. Nasty Women: Feminism, Resistance, and Revolution in Trumps America Edited by Samhita Mukhopadhyay and Kate Harding These are some crazy times we’re living in. This collection of essays from authors like Rebecca Solnit, Nicole Chung, Alicia Garcia, and Cheryl Strayed offers up a variety of opinions and perspectives from everything from race, religion, to identity politics. If you want a glimpse into intersectional feminism and how the current political climate ripples into every corner of our society, this is the collection for you. Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches  by Audre Lorde Speaking of intersectional feminism, Audre Lorde helped bring it to the forefront years before Kimberle Crenshaw coined the term intersectionality.” It was nearly 40 years ago when she was laying out truths: “As white women ignore their built-in privilege of whiteness and define woman in terms of their own experience alone, then women of Color become other, the outsider whose experience and tradition is too alien to comprehend.” Often required reading for anyone taking up gay/lesbian studies, womens studies, cultural theory, and literary criticism, the essays and speeches in Sister Outsider show the experiences of women are affected by intersecting types of oppression and how true equality means equality for all, not just for some. Bad Feminist  by Roxane Gay Even though feminism seems like a relatively straightforward concept (i.e. treating men and women equally), in practice it can be muddy. Are you less of a feminist if you like the color pink? If you dream of your wedding day? If you want to have plastic surgery? Can you still call yourself a feminist if you enjoy problematic media? Roxane Gay discusses these types of contradictions between feminist beliefs and practice, along with race and pop culture. If you are feeling conflicted between the love of art created by a problematic artist, remember Gay’s declaration: “I would rather be a bad feminist than no feminist at all.” We are Never Meeting in Real Life  by Samantha Irby Look, sometimes the best way to deal a flaming trash heap is to find something that will make you laugh. THIS BOOK WILL DO THAT. From dating to dead parents to uncontrollable pooping, Irby will make you snort laugh while reading her work. The first essay (“My Bachelorette Application”) has truths like: “WEAR CLOTHING THAT ACTUALLY FUCKING FITS. BUY DRUGS FROM REPUTABLE DEALERS ONLY. DO NOT WALK AWAY FROM AN OVERDRAWN CHECKING ACCOUNT.”  And: “The Bachelorette proves that men are as petty and vapid and ridiculous as women are made to seem. They’re just better at hiding it, because they get to be Real Men and sulk and brood and bottle everything up.” Get you an author that can do both! Too Fat, Too Slutty, Too Loud: The Rise and Reign of the Unruly Woman by Anne Helen Petersen It’s   fair to say that most women have felt labeled by one of the categories outlined by Petersen. They are either too loud, too sexy, too strong, or just too much. Women have long self-regulated themselves into what society has deemed “appropriate”. Meanwhile we have heard story after story about men who do whatever the hell they want with little to no consequences. By examining these celebrities who embody being “too” something, Petersen not only discusses fame, but also being female outside of the bounds of “acceptability.”

Phil Jackson And Buddhism Essay - 1789 Words

Buddhism is a major Asian religion studied and practiced in countries such as Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia. Although Buddhism is a growing religion throughout the world, in particular, the practice of meditation is spreading in the West. The United States has a center for Buddhists in Hawaii and New York and also a Buddhist community has been established in California. (Hewitt, 13-14) But even closer to home for most is the practicing of Zen Buddhism on the basketball court by former Chicago Bulls and present Los Angeles Lakers coach Phil Jackson. In this essay I will discuss how Jackson has incorporated some of the practices of Zen Buddhism into his and the players of his teams lives and how it has been effective for the†¦show more content†¦It’s often an uphill fight. The ego-driven culture of basketball, and society in general, militates against cultivating this kind of selfless action, even for members of a team whose success as individuals in tied di rectly to the group performance. Our society places such a high premium on individual achievement, it’s easy for players to get blinded by their own self-importance and lose a sense of interconnectedness, the essence of teamwork.† In this passage Jackson incorporates some very important fundamental Buddhist ideas. One of the aspects of the Eightfold Path, or the â€Å"Middle Way†, which Buddha said was the cure of suffering, Right Thought is the basis of this statement. In the introductive book Buddhism Catherine Hewitt spends three pages (4-6) discussing the aspects of the Eightfold Path. She says that Right Thought is when Buddhists, â€Å"strive to think unselfishly and compassionately.† Jackson is saying that in our Western way of living, the self is everything. We are constantly worried about how things will effect us (ourselves) instead of as a community, society, or team; where we are going and for others to get out of our way not thinking that they might have somewhere to be too; and also in reflection of the team structure, how we are going to make thatShow MoreRelatedPhil Jackson and Buddhism1854 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism is a major Asian religion studied and practiced in countries such as Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia. Although Buddhism is a growing religion throughout the world, in particular, the practice of meditation is spreading in the West. The United States has a center for Buddhists in Hawaii and New York and also a Buddhist community has been established in California. (Hewitt, 13-14) But even closer to home for most is the practicing of Zen Buddhism on the basketball court by formerRead MoreWhat Does Eastern Religions Mean For Americans?1397 Words   |  6 Pages19th century, Buddhism began to make its way to America through the immigration of the Chinese whom brought their religious traditions with them. Buddhism continued to gain popularity in America when Buddhist texts, as well as Buddhist teachers, were brought here to share and spread their religion. It wasn’t until the late 1950’s/early 1960’s that we see the interest in Buddhism, particularly Zen Buddhism, blossom throughout the country. Through the me moir â€Å"Sacred Hoops† by Phil Jackson, an NBA playerRead MoreDon Jackson, The Best Nba Head Coach1106 Words   |  5 Pages Phillip Jackson is known as one of the best NBA head coaches of all time due to he had to lead the Chicago Bulls to six titles and the Los Angeles Lakers to three titles. Before Phil became known as a great head coach, he was an ordinary athlete. Jackson recruited to North Dakota University basketball team. While attending the college, he helped his team win third-and-fourth-place finishes in the NCAA Division II championships. Coach Jackson understands the only collecting a set of outstandingRead MoreSacred Hoops1560 Words   |  7 PagesPhil Jackson coached the Chicago Bulls basketball team to one of the longest winning streaks in professional sports. In his book, Sacred Hoops, he describes his approach to coaching a group of acknowledged stars. He clearly understands that simply collecting a set of outstanding players does not a championshi p team make. One way of understanding his approach is to think of every problem or project having components in four different spheres: 1. Mental, logical, scientific, technical 2. SystemsRead MoreEssay on Buddhism1147 Words   |  5 Pages21st Century however, basic Christian values are being influenced by ‘Eastern’ religions. Buddhism, in particular, is becoming very popular in North America. What happens when a person attempts to be a Buddhist follower in a Christian society? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Long before Christian missionaries spread their word around the globe, Buddhist monks were traveling afar attracting followers. Buddhism was the worlds first missionary religion. There was no evidence that any religion beforeRead MoreContemporary Issues in Buddhism2302 Words   |  10 PagesContemporary Issues in Buddhism Team D REL/133 May 21, 2013 Prof. Joseph Pirelli Buddhism is considered one of the oldest forms of religion dating back over 2,500 years; which originated in Thailand and has spread throughout Asia and begun to spread in Northern America, with over 125 million practicing Buddhists today. Siddhartha Gautama the founder of Buddhism became Buddha, his teachings and philosophy of selflessness and love towards others, modest and meek lifestyleRead More What Is Basketball Without Mic Essay1981 Words   |  8 Pagespossibly the greatest team ever was rumored to be caused by clashes between the players and Bulls management. The breakup started when management wouldnt pay Phil Jackson what he deserved after bringing six NBA championships to the Bulls. Rather than coach another team, Jackson decided to retire to practice Zen Buddhism fulltime. When Jackson left, Jordan said he wouldnt play for a new coach. After Jordan left, basketball great, Scottie Pippen was traded to the Houston Rockets. Only four playersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageseach year on training workshops designed to encourage their managers to become more sensitive, understanding, and supportive. The folly of the Type A approach to management, and to life, is illustrated in the following story from the lore of Zen Buddhism. Matajura wanted to become a great swordsman, but his father said he wasn’t quick enough and could never learn. So Matajura went to the famous dueler, Banzo, and asked to become his pupil. â€Å"How long will it take me to become a master?† he askedRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Driver Giuseppe Farina Juan Manuel Fangio Alberto Ascari Alberto Ascari Juan Manuel Fangio Juan Manuel Fangio Juan Manuel Fangio Juan Manuel Fangio Mike Hawthorn Jack Brabham Jack Brabham Phil Hill Graham Hill Jim Clark John Surtees Jim Clark Jack Brabham Denny Hulme Graham Hill Jackie Stewart Jochen Rindt Jackie Stewart Emerson Fittipaldi Jackie Stewart Emerson Fittipaldi Niki Lauda James Hunt Niki Lauda Mario Andretti Jody Scheckter Alan

History of Engineering - 1060 Words

Engineering has dated back to a time long ago. The concept of engineering has been present since ancient times. People have been making fundamental inventions The pulley, lever, and and wheel, although simple ideas, have a modern definition of engineering. Engineers in the Ancient Era were mainly used for building and supervising the pyramid constructions. Different civilizations used engineering in different ways. Ancient Greece made machines in both public and military fields. Archimedes was known for the creation of the Antikythera mechanism, which was the first known computer model. Archimedes was a Greek who lived from 287 BC - 212 BC. Archimedes also takes credit for the invention of gears. Chinese and Roman armies made†¦show more content†¦The study of failed products is forensic engineering. It is often used to evaluate disasters. Bridge collapses are examples of forensic engineering. Safety is taken very seriously in engineering. All products have a factor of safety just in case it fails. The problem with safety factors are that they make the products less efficient. Engineers try to make products as efficient as possible. Engineers make specifications based on limits of what is needed and what is available. Engineers have to be able to see restraints on designs. Some of the biggest constraints include: cost, safety, marketability, and productability. Constraints may also include resources, ideas, and technical limitations. Engineers often use scale models. Engineers use prototypes, simulations, nondestructive and destructive tests. Engineers normally predict how well the well the product will perform before a full scale is made. Engineers take the responsibility of a product doing poorly than tested. Often times engineers have to find the best possible solution of many Math models and equations are used to test potential solutions tasks to identify, understand, and interpret designs are used to find a successful result. Math and physics are often used in engineering. Science and engineering both go through observations of materials in the world Both Science and engineering use math to analyze and solve observations Scientists andShow MoreRelatedThe History Of Computer Engineering2185 Words   |  9 Pages The History of Computer Engineering What exactly is computer engineering? Many people may consider computer engineering as the branch of engineering that integrates electronic engineering with computer sciences. Being a computer engineering major, I must be aware of what I am dealing with in that major and how I plan to use what I learned from it in the future. If I was to just pick a major without any prior knowledge to it, then that would be senseless on my behalf. Now that I am mindful of theRead MoreHistory Of Civil Engineering And Development Of Sanitary Engineering1117 Words   |  5 PagesName Institution Course: Instructor Date of Submission History of Civil Engineering 1. Hiram F. Mills (1836 - 1921) Hiram Mills is considered to have pioneered the development of sanitary engineering (Calvo 1). During his time, he served as one of the chief engineers who made improvements in water quality by employing a broad array of water engineering concepts ranging from filtration to treatment. On the river banks of Merrimack, Mills succeed in developing the first slow-sand filtration systemRead MoreHistory of Civil Engineering705 Words   |  3 PagesCivil Engineering What is Civil Engineering? Civil Engineering is the most oldest engineering. It manages and deals with the built environment and might be dated to the first time somebody placed a roof over his or her head or laid a trunk of tree over a river to make it easier to get over. The built environment incorporates much of what characterizes advanced civilization. Bridges and buildings are frequently the first developments that come to mind, as they are the most prominent creations of structuralRead MoreSocial Engineering And Part Of The History1224 Words   |  5 Pages Social Engineering Abdulelah Almubarak March 24, 17 IASC-1100 In this paper the discussion goes around the main definition of social engineering and part of the history of social engineering. Some places where social engineering could be applied and who gets benefits out of it. These days we use social engineering a little bit differently where social engineering can help many companies protect themselves from hackers. Social engineering is a mix of science, psychology andRead MoreHistory of Injectable Tissue Engineering1656 Words   |  7 PagesInjectable Tissue Engineering INJECTABLE TISSUE ENGINEERING My part of the assignment is to provide a detailed history of Injectable Tissue Engineering. I must also provide details how Injectable Tissue Engineering affects the environment. Ttissue engineering has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years, offering the potential for regenerating almost every tissue and organ of the human body. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine remain a flourishing area of research with manyRead MoreBrief History of Software Engineering1733 Words   |  7 PagesBrief History of Software Engineering Some people refer to software as a set of steps which the machine what task to perform, others refer it as computer program stored in a computer which includes defined procedures or set of rules that lead to development of an output from a given input procedure for solving mathematical problem, Subah A.(2001, 4). It is produced to satisfy customer’s or individual’s needs. Let us ask ourselves, where does it come from? According to Subah A. ( 2001,2) ,Read MoreSignificant Person In The History Of Engineering Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesGive a significant date in the history of engineering. What happened on this date? Chuck Hull invented the very first 3D Printer which is also known as ‘Additive Manufacturing’ for commercial rapid prototyping in 1983, founded 3D systems in Valencia California. The popularity of 3D printing has risen recently due to an increase in availability which made it possible to have versatile machines in todays technology. His work got recognised only three years ago where he became the winner of the EuropeanRead MoreThe History and Importance of Civil Engineering Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesBridges, highways, drinking water- just a few necessities to the modern world, made possible by engineers throughout history, specifically civil engineers. Tracing back to 4000 BC, civil engineering has revolutionized the lifestyles of the world population. In ancient times skilled workers called artisans carried out most construction. These artisans accomplished their engineering feats by the use of only manual labor. Without the use of the specialized equipment u sed today, simple projects couldRead MoreEngineering And Its Impact On The United States1418 Words   |  6 PagesEngineering was newly introduced to the United States in the late 1700s. The jobs were minimal and fully educated men were few and far between. America had a shaky start in the engineering field, but the profession quickly picked up speed. From 2009 to 2013, engineering degrees grew twice as fast as other disciplines (Bidwell, â€Å"The number of STEM degrees earned in the last 5 years grew exceptionally†). Everything from the most basic principles of engineering and the minutiae of an engineer’s dailyRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Brave New World1012 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genet ic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always

The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television Free Essays

Past researches on cognitive effects of news teasers[1] (or news previews) were mainly focused on the viewer attention and memory performance (e. g. Scheuder White, 1989; Cameron, Shleuder, Thorson, 1991; Schleduder, White Camerson, 1993), but little research has been conducted to examine the effects of the by-product of newscasts-news teasers. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chang’s paper aimed at filling the gap between previous researches by exploring the role of news teasers in processing television news and examining the effectiveness of different news teasers in improving information retention and comprehension. Chang found that the presence of a news teaser in the preceding TV program enhanced viewer’s recall and comprehension of the news story teased. Additionally, the presence of a program reference in the news teaser demonstrated a significant impact on viewer’s comprehension of the news whilst presentation format of the news teaser did not have any effect. According to the priming effect and schema theory, priming is a natural process of the spreading activating particular connections in memory (Berkowitz Rogers, 1986) and it is used to explain the effects of news previews on viewer’s attention and memory status (Schleuder, White, Cameron, 1993). In addition, Schemata are mental structures that people use to organize their knowledge, make sense of an event and provide a framework for future understanding. With the use of a program reference in a news teaser will not only enhance spreading activation process, but serve a cue emphasizing the connection between program and upcoming news story. Therefore, Chang’s study contended and showed that program-referred teasers have stronger priming effects on viewer’s recall and comprehension. Chang’s findings are particular useful in amplifying the agenda setting effect by leveraging on the relationship between preceding program, news teasers and the following news feature. Common examples of such application include but not limited to socio-educational messages such as safe sex, safe driving, and campaigns against drugs, smoking and driving after alcohol consumption. A situational drama can first mention how drug taking ruined the life of a fictional character, following by a news teaser in the commercial break extracting remarkable scenes from the upcoming news program, then the news feature itself. The interaction between the three elements within such a short period of time not only could reinforce the message to be conveyed, but also deepened viewer’s impression on the issue. The most severe weakness of Chang’s study is that it employed a simulated newscast and news teasers instead of naturally occurring ones. Besides, the external validity of Chang’s research is weak given the TV viewing session was conducted in a laboratory setting with all participants being students. Despite the above limitations, Chang’s study does provide new insights for practitioners to adopt in improving audience flow in broadcasting. How to cite The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television, Essay examples

SG Cowen new recruits case study and solution

Question: Discuss about the case study of SG Cowen New Recruits Company. Answer: Intoduction: Key decision points used by SG Cowen in making hiring decisions are: Informational interviews On-campus round Super Saturday Informational interviews-SG Cowen Company used this kind of decision to evaluate the candidates and look at their enthusiasm and seriousness. However, this decision was only used in order for them to get a rough perception about the candidate and not as one of the main final assessment criteria. This decision is neither very effective and nor fair because it is meant to favor the company only by offering them information about the candidate and no information about the company to the candidate. This argument is supported by the study made by Kramarin the year 2003 which also states that there should be open information sharing between an employer and the potential employee before they get involved in business. On the contrary, SG Cowen Company ensured that its candidates have a chance to learn more about the firm and also the recruitment industry of interest before they were interviewed. This therefore puts SG Cowen firm in a better position because it is able to share its informatio n with the candidates, especially the information relating to its objectives and goals and that of the area to be interviewed on. In addition to that, Rae the Human Resource Director of the company decided to assign a team of captains to schools where SG Cowen was involved with recruitment. This was done to ensure that all the interested candidates are in contact with the firm and to make sure that they were ready when need be. Rae also tried his level best to match each captain with his/her former school aiming for them to be alumni. By doing this, the potential SG Cowens candidates were able to have somebody who would guide them and be a role model or even a mentor for them. Therefore, this method of hiring decision is good and effective for SG Cowen Company because of their continued efforts to ensure that they have the right kind of candidates for their recruitment just as Minten, 2010 stated in his research. On-campus round-This decision is meant only for the candidates who came from the campuses where SG Cowen had Core interviewing businesses with. There were three interviews conducted whereby the successful candidates from the first interview would proceed to the Super Saturday final hiring meeting. In these interviews, the interviewers were encouraged to make short notes or comment about the comments and the evaluation sheets that are provided to the candidates. SG Cowen uses this information in choosing the best candidates who will be proceeding to Super Saturday hiring meeting. This also the stage where the Rae, the Human Resource Manager encourages his fellow interviewers to ask and analyze the candidates probability of changing his or her culture. They do this by asking the candidates whether they are ready to change their current home location and work somewhere else or change their lifestyle all together. Generally, this hiring decision is good for recruitment because it not only allows SG Cowen Company to evaluate the qualifications, interpersonal skills and communication skills of the candidates but also gives them a chance to meet the candidates face to face, evaluate their fitness and evaluate their ability to change culture. Super Saturday-According to the company, this is usually the last step in the recruitment process. It is attended by the candidates who have passed the on-campus step successfully. This stage starts with a Friday evening dinner followed by six half-hour interviews and finally a lunch meeting where final hiring is done. This is the stage where the last decision on who is the best, worthy and qualified candidate for the job. This kind of hiring decision is very effective because of the interviews which are involving and thorough (Murray, 2005). In conclusion, the companys hiring decisions points and hiring process are good and effective for their work because they seem to be detailed and focusing on the companys objectives (Bach and Edwards, 2013). The hiring process may be long and tiresome but it is worth all the effort because at the end of it all, they seem to get the perfect candidate for the hiring (Badawy, 2008). Evaluation of Some Criteria Used By Firms When Making Hiring Decisions. Different firms use different methods when hiring employees. Some of these methods are: conducting interviews- Some firms interview their candidates with an aim of getting first-hand information directly from them (Guest, 1997). Most of the times, they are able to get the exact character and general view of the employee in terms of their communication ways. Asking for referees- Employee references-Generally, for every employer to make the right decisions on hiring a candidate, they have to counter check a potential employees past or previous work information (Naidu and Chand, 2014). However, this information is not reliable because it may be false or incorrect. Also the employer has to make contact with the stated referees to ensure that the information is correct. This process of contacting needs a lot of patience and time in order for one to get any feedback which may not even be give or even when give it may be discouraging (Call for papers: Managing Human Resources in the Leisure Industry, 2009). Doing what the candidates do-If employers want to get in touch with the candidates they desire, they not only have to do what they do but also go where they always go. This will enable one be able to socialize with them, know them in details and even know about their hidden talents, skills and knowledge. Use of database information-This includes especially past online information that the candidate may have posted but did not have a chance to secure the desired job at that time. Therefore the current employers hope to find that information still useful to them so some firms look it up to see if the candidates qualify for their jobs. E.g. linked in website where candidates post their CVs and other information in hope of getting an employer. Training of the candidates-Some firms chose to train a large number of candidates and at the end of the training examine them and choose the successful candidates. This means that they will be qualified in that field even though they will not be hired by the trainers. SG Cowen firm uses two criteria when making hiring decisions which are: Use of interviews- The firms hiring decisions involve so many interviews which range from, informational interviews to on-campus interviews where two other sub interviews are conducted and lastly it is the super Saturday interview. In addition to that, there are short notes made during the interviews for reference as well as evaluation sheets which are meant for interviewers to make their comments about the candidate. However these written notes may not be solely or fully considered in the hiring process or as an evidence during the discussions because it may be biased and therefore may lead to unfairness in the candidate choosing (Bonias, 2009). According to the case study, conducting interviews is the main method used by SG Cowen to hire its candidates. This kind of method is useful because it helps the interviewer get a direct reply on certain questions e.g. whether a candidate is ready to change their culture or location to work somewhere else. Disadvantages of interviews It relies mainly on the personal assessment of the interviewer and the kind of the notes and comments that they make. This therefore makes them less useful and unimportant to the practical activity of interviewing. An interviewers perception of a candidate affect the usefulness of the interview and therefore not making it a reliable method for hiring. It is a costly method of recruiting because it requires enough interviewers which means that the organization will incur personnel costs. It limits the number of candidates to that of the interviewers. This does not seem fair because at most times, the candidates are more than the interviewers by far. Advantages of Interviews There is more in-depth collection of data and analysis The candidate is able to give more explanations to their responses Interviews are less costly It is able to capture the verbal and non-verbal ques from the candidate Offers the interviewer control of the candidate in order for them to be focused. Body language, emotions and facial expression can be captured easily. Employee references-From the case study, SG Cowen uses this criteria to hire its candidates in the last hiring meeting during Super Saturday event. Nevertheless, this criteria is cheap because the employer just incurs the cost of calling only or sending an email. In addition to that they require very little commitment from the employer therefore they save time. Two Candidates That I Would Choose Natalya Godlewska From the given information, Natalya has an average GPA grade but when compared to others, it is the best. She also has a degree in finance from an Eastern European university and has some experience in teaching finance because she did some finance teaching program at Cornell Business School. Natalya attended her informational interview and emerged one of the top candidates from Cornell to proceed for Super Saturday interviews. Natalya is knowledgeable in analytical skills, has high understanding of financial markets, determined, ambitious and hardworking and also received a lot of positive comments from referees. This made her Super Saturday interviews to go very well and positively. Despite having all these good qualities, Natalya had some weaknesses. E.g. her English was not perfect and this would one time or the other put away employers or even cause difficulties when working with other employees. On the contrary, an interviewer brought up the idea that Natalyas imperfect English may be an issues when working or conversing with her colleagues but definitely not with the customers because most of them claim that SG Cowens employees were fast speakers. Nevertheless, she was one of the best candidates to choose from among the other three. Andy Sanchez From the case study, Andy had already obtained a degree in Economics from the University of California and was studying MBA at the University of Southern California. In addition to that, he was a successful entrepreneur who dealt with students and teaching therefore had some experience in teaching. Andy was said to be very enthusiastic and personable which are very great characters. Furthermore, Andy seemed to be very committed to SG Cowen and really wanted to be associated with it. This was evidenced by the fact that he made a lot of effort for him to do his informational interview and sacrificed so much even to have talks with other associates. He made frequent follow ups on his interviews by sending emails to SG Cowen and talking to any other person who was involved with the recruitment. Andy had the highest and very competitive GMAT and SAT scores accompanied also by great entrepreneurial capabilities which he certainly acquired from his business. To add to that, Andy seemed very mature, focused, enthusiastic, updated and future oriented. However, Andys GPA score was the lowest reading 2.8. The results showed that Andy had scored so many C grade in many other different subjects and this raised some concerns from the interviewers. Nevertheless, some of the interviewers argued that the low grades did not matter very much and so they would consider Andy. This was because as stated by Rae, commitment was the main character that SG Cowen should consider and this is what was going to save Andy from elimination. Negative Hiring Experience in an Organization. A candidate lacks some information-This is according to Rothwell and Kazanas, 2003 studies and research. E.g. the case of Martin Street where he did not have any grade results mentioned and so there was no way for SG Cowen to evaluate his technical skills and capabilities. According to the information given about other candidates, it was a requirement for a candidate to mention his or her educational grades and scores. Therefore, even with the fact that Martin had all other requirements and skills and had qualified in all other grounds, it would be hard for SG Cowen to come up with a fair way of evaluating and interviewing him. Organization not treating all candidates equally (Danley et al, 1996)-SG Cowen went to Wharton towards the end of the interview period which meant that they had to interview Martin being the last Candidate. In addition to that, one of the interviewers said that people either want to work for SG Cowen or they work for other firms. This statement sounded like a threat not only to those who wanted SG Cowen but also those who wanted to work for other different firms. The statement also sounded rude and careless considering the fact that it was made by a banker o interviewer from the same firm that was going to conduct interviews in the school, SG Cowen. No freedom over details on the candidates information-Martin had informed SG Cowen earlier that he was undertaking many different finance courses but when they came for the recruitment he warned them not to ask him about his finance grades because it was not allowed by the recruiting rules of Wharton. The school rules acted as a limitation for Martin and therefore it must have been difficult for SG Cowen to find other methods to consider in interviewing Martin and find out whether he was qualifying for their recruitment. Difficulties in interview scheduling-Martin had difficulties when it came to scheduling a Super Saturday interview even after passing those other interviews that were required for a candidate to proceed to Super Saturday interview. This was because he made himself busy with recruitment in other firms and had no enough time to be committed to SG Cowen. Even though Martin had mentioned that he liked smaller firm and specifically liked SG Cowens line of specialization, SG Cowen focused their attention on candidates who were ready to be committed to it fully with no divided attention and only them. An organizations fear of hiring the candidate (Gatta et al, 2005)-SG Cowen feared that Martin would play them with other firms that he was currently working for incase they hired him. This was because of the fact that he seems to like small firms and enjoys working with them all. Furthermore, this fact brings out some concern to SG Cowen interviewers of getting betrayed by him and the probability of Martin being disloyal to the firm. This was therefore a clear indication to SG Cowen firm that he was not really ready to work with them and to be fully committed to them and therefore the probability of them hiring Martin became very low or none at all. References Bach, S. and Edwards, M. (2013).Managing human resources. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Badawy, M. (2008). Managing Human Resources.IEEE Engineering Management Review, 36(1), pp.117-117. Bonias, D. (2009). Managing Human Resources 10e20091Susan E. Jackson, Randall S. Schuler and Steve Werner. Managing Human Resources 10e. 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